Short Question chemistry chapter#4 Carbon and its Compounds CLASS 10th

 

                              Chapter#4 Carbon and its Compounds 

Sure, here are 20 short questions on "Carbon and its Compounds" along with their answers suitable for a Class 10th level:

1. 1:What is the basis of organic chemistry?

   • The basis of organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds.

2. 2:Define the term 'organic compounds'?

   • Organic compounds are compounds primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms, often with other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, etc., and are commonly found in living organisms.
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3. 3:Name the simplest hydrocarbon?

   • Methane (CH4) is the simplest hydrocarbon.

4. 4:What is the general formula for alkanes?

   • The general formula for alkanes is CnH2n+2.
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5. 5:Name the process by which alkanes are converted into alkenes?

   • Alkanes are converted into alkenes through the process of dehydrogenation.
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6. 6:What is the functional group present in alcohols?

   • The functional group present in alcohols is the hydroxyl group (-OH).
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7. 7:Give an example of a primary alcohol?

   • Ethanol (C2H5OH) is an example of a primary alcohol.
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8. 8:What happens when ethanol is oxidized?

   • Ethanol undergoes oxidation to form ethanoic acid (acetic acid) and water.
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9. 9:Name the process by which ethanoic acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester?

   • The process is called esterification.
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10. 10:What is the general formula for aldehydes?

    • The general formula for aldehydes is RCHO, where R represents an alkyl group.
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11. 11:Give an example of an aldehyde?

    • Methanal (formaldehyde) is an example of an aldehyde.
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12. 12:What is the functional group present in carboxylic acids?

    • The carboxyl group (-COOH) is the functional group present in carboxylic acids.
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13. 13:Name the product formed when a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol?

    • The product formed is an ester.
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14. 14:What is the process of converting an alkene into an alkane by adding hydrogen called?

    • The process is called hydrogenation.
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15. 15:Define the term 'homologous series'?

    • A homologous series is a series of organic compounds having the same functional group and a similar structure, with each successive member differing by -CH2-.

16. 16:What is the importance of carbon in living organisms?

    • Carbon forms the backbone of organic molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids, which are essential for life processes.
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17. 17:Give an example of a saturated hydrocarbon?

    • Methane (CH4) is an example of a saturated hydrocarbon.
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18. 18:What are isomers?

    • Isomers are compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural or spatial arrangements.
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19. 19:Name the type of bond present in hydrocarbons?

    • Covalent bonds are present in hydrocarbons.
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20. 20:Why does carbon readily form covalent bonds?

    • Carbon has four valence electrons, allowing it to form stable covalent bonds with other atoms, including carbon atoms, and to form diverse organic compounds.