Short Question class 10th chapter#2 Acids, Bases, and Salts

 

                  chapter#2 

                                                 Acids, Bases, and Salts

Sure, here are 20 questions on the topic of Acids, Bases, and Salts along with their answers suitable for Class 10:

1. 1:What is an acid according to Arrhenius theory? Answer: An acid according to Arrhenius theory is a substance that dissociates in water to produce hydrogen ions (${�}^{+}$).

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3. 2:Give two examples of strong acids? Answer: Hydrochloric acid ($���$) and sulfuric acid (${�}_2�{�}_4$).

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5. 3:Define a base according to Arrhenius theory? Answer: A base according to Arrhenius theory is a substance that dissociates in water to produce hydroxide ions ($�{�}^{-}$).

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7. 4:Provide two examples of strong bases? Answer: Sodium hydroxide ($����$) and potassium hydroxide ($���$).

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9. 5:What is the pH scale? Explain its range and significance? Answer: The pH scale is a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14, where 0-6.9 indicates acidity, 7 is neutral, and 7.1-14 indicates alkalinity. It is significant as it helps to quantify the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution.

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11. 6:Define neutralization reaction? Answer: Neutralization is a chemical reaction between an acid and a base, resulting in the formation of salt and water.

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13. 7:Give an example of a neutralization reaction? Answer: $���+����\to ����+{�}_2�$

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15. 8:What is the role of indicators in acid-base titration? Answer: Indicators are used to detect the endpoint of a titration by changing color when the solution becomes acidic or basic.

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17. 9:Explain the action of antacids in our stomach? Answer: Antacids neutralize excess stomach acid, relieving symptoms of indigestion and heartburn.

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19. 10:Define salt in the context of chemistry? Answer: A salt is a compound formed by the neutralization reaction between an acid and a base, where the hydrogen ion of the acid is replaced by a metal or ammonium ion.

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21. 11:What is the chemical formula of common salt? Answer: Sodium chloride ($����$).

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23. 12:How are salts formed in the reaction between an acid and a metal carbonate? Answer: Salts are formed along with carbon dioxide and water when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate.

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25. 13:Explain the term 'Amphiprotic'? Answer: Amphiprotic substances are those that can donate or accept a proton depending on the reaction conditions. Water is an example of an amphiprotic substance.

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27. 14:How does the concentration of hydrogen ions relate to the pH of a solution? Answer: The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution determines its pH. Higher hydrogen ion concentration results in lower pH (more acidic), and lower hydrogen ion concentration results in higher pH (more basic).

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29. 15:Define the term 'buffer solution'? Answer: A buffer solution is a solution that resists changes in pH when small amounts of acid or base are added to it.

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31. 16:Provide an example of a buffer solution? Answer: A mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate.

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33. 17:Explain the concept of 'Acid rain'? Answer: Acid rain is rain with a pH less than 5.6, caused by pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides reacting with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulfuric and nitric acids.

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35. 18:How does acid rain affect the environment? Answer: Acid rain can damage buildings and monuments, harm aquatic life, and disrupt soil pH, affecting plant growth.

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37. 19:What is the chemical equation for the reaction between sulfur dioxide and water to form sulfuric acid? Answer: $�{�}_2+{�}_2�\to {�}_2�{�}_4$

38. 20:How are acid rain and the formation of caves related? Answer: Acid rain can dissolve limestone, leading to the formation of caves through a process called chemical weathering.