Short Question class 10th chapter#3 Organic chemistry

Chapter#3

  Organic chemistry

                                                                             

Sure, here are 20 short questions on organic chemistry along with their answers suitable for a class 10th level:

1. 1:What is organic chemistry?

   • Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of carbon-containing compounds.

2. 2:What is the simplest organic compound?

   • Methane (CH₄) is the simplest organic compound.

3. 3:Define isomerism.

   • Isomerism is the phenomenon where two or more compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements or spatial arrangements of atoms.

4. 4:What is a functional group?

   • A functional group is a specific arrangement of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of that molecule.

5. 5:Give an example of a functional group.

   • The hydroxyl group (-OH) is an example of a functional group commonly found in alcohols.

6. 6:What is the general formula for alkanes?

   • The general formula for alkanes is CₙH₂ₙ₊₂.

7. 7:What is a saturated hydrocarbon?

   • A saturated hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon in which all carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds.

8. 8:Provide an example of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

   • Ethene (C₂H₄) is an example of an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

9. 9:What is the process of substitution in organic chemistry?

   • Substitution is a reaction in which one or more atoms or groups in a molecule are replaced by another atom or group.

10. 10:Name the process of converting alcohols to alkenes.

    • Dehydration is the process of converting alcohols to alkenes by eliminating water.

11. 11:What is the functional group present in carboxylic acids?

    • The carboxyl functional group (-COOH) is present in carboxylic acids.

12. 12:Give an example of a carboxylic acid found in vinegar.

    • Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is the carboxylic acid found in vinegar.

13. 13:Define polymerization.

    • Polymerization is a process in which small molecules, called monomers, are chemically bonded together to form a large molecule, called a polymer.

14. 14:Name a natural polymer found in plant cell walls.

    • Cellulose is a natural polymer found in plant cell walls.

15. 15:What is the functional group present in aldehydes?

    • The carbonyl functional group (-CHO) is present in aldehydes.

16. 16:Give an example of an aldehyde commonly used as a preservative.

    • Formaldehyde (HCHO) is commonly used as a preservative.

17. 17:What is the process of converting alcohols to carboxylic acids?

    • Oxidation is the process of converting alcohols to carboxylic acids.

18. 118:Name the reaction in which a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester.

    • Esterification is the reaction in which a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol to form an ester.

19. What type of reaction is the reaction between an acid and a base called?

    • The reaction between an acid and a base is called a neutralization reaction.

20. Provide an example of a common household base.

    • Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), also known as lye or caustic soda, is a common household base