Chapter 4 :
Hydrocarbons
Q1: What is a hydrocarbon?
Ans: A hydrocarbon is a natural compound comprising totally of hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Q2: What are the two principal kinds of hydrocarbons?
Ans: Aliphatic and sweet-smelling hydrocarbons.
Q3: What are alkanes?
Ans: Alkanes are immersed hydrocarbons with single connections between carbon atoms.
Q4: What is the overall equation for alkanes?
Ans: CnH2n+2
Q5: Name the initial four alkanes?
Ans: Methane, ethane, propane, and butane.
Q6: What are alkenes?
Ans: Alkenes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with something like one twofold connection between carbon atoms.
Q7: What is the overall equation for alkenes?
Ans: CnH2n
Q8: What is the least complex alkene?
Ans: Ethene (ethylene).
Q9: What are alkynes?
Ans: Alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons with no less than one triple connection between carbon atoms.
Q10: What is the overall recipe for alkynes?
Ans: CnH2n-2
Q11: What is the easiest alkyne?
Ans: Ethyne (acetylene).
Q12: What are fragrant hydrocarbons?
Ans: Fragrant hydrocarbons are intensifies that contain benzene rings.
Q13: What is the construction of benzene?
Ans: Benzene has a hexagonal ring structure with substituting twofold bonds (C6H6).
Q14: What is isomerism in hydrocarbons?
Ans: Isomerism is the peculiarity where mixtures have a similar sub-atomic equation yet unique primary arrangements.
Q15: What are primary isomers?
Ans: Underlying isomers are compounds with a similar sub-atomic equation yet unique holding patterns.
Q16: What are mathematical isomers?
Ans: Mathematical isomers are compounds with a similar sub-atomic recipe yet unique spatial plans around a twofold bond.
Q17: What are stereoisomers?
Ans: Stereoisomers are compounds with similar sub-atomic equation and holding designs yet unique three-layered orientations.
Q18: What is a homologous series?
Ans: A homologous series is a gathering of natural mixtures with a comparative general equation, varying by a CH2 group.
Q19: What is a utilitarian group?
Ans: A useful gathering is a particular gathering of iotas inside a particle that decides its substance properties.
Q20: Give an illustration of a useful gathering in hydrocarbons?
Ans: The hydroxyl bunch (- Gracious) in alcohols.
Q21: What is a soaked hydrocarbon?
Ans: An immersed hydrocarbon has just single connections between carbon atoms.
Q22: What is an unsaturated hydrocarbon?
Ans: An unsaturated hydrocarbon contains at least one twofold or triple connections between carbon atoms.
Q23: What is hydrogenation?
Ans: Hydrogenation is the compound response where hydrogen is added to an unsaturated hydrocarbon to make it saturated.
Q24: What is cracking?
Ans: Breaking is the method involved with separating huge hydrocarbons into more modest, more valuable molecules.
Q25: What is the significance of hydrocarbons?
Ans: Hydrocarbons are significant as powers and as unrefined substances in the development of different chemicals.
Q26: What is the principal wellspring of hydrocarbons?
Ans: The principal wellspring of hydrocarbons is petroleum derivatives like raw petroleum and normal gas.
Q27: What is partial distillation?
Ans: Fragmentary refining is a cycle used to isolate a combination of hydrocarbons into portions in light of their bubbling points.
Q28: What are the natural worries related with hydrocarbons?
Ans: Consuming hydrocarbons discharges ozone harming substances and poisons, adding to environmental change and air pollution.
Q29: What is a polymer?
Ans: A polymer is a huge particle comprised of rehashing more modest units called monomers.
Q30: Give an illustration of a hydrocarbon polymer?
Ans: Polyethylene, regularly utilized in plastic sacks and bottles.
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